In order to find a suitable monitoring method of atmospheric heavy metal bryophytes in Xichang area， and screen suitable bryophyte species. The physiological and biochemical characteristics of bryophytes in winter from Xichang area were collected and analyzed in this work. By comparing and analyzing the contents of soluble protein， superoxide dismutase， peroxidase， catalase， chlorophyll， anthocyanin， carotenoids and heavy metals in bryophytes， the species with rich pigment， outstanding growth advantages and strong heavy metal enrichment ability were selected. The results showed that the soluble protein content of Hypnum plumaeforme was the highest， the antioxidant enzyme content of Anomodon minor was the highest， the heavy metal enrichment degree of Eurhynchium pulchellum （hedw.） jenn. was the highest， the heavy metal enrichment degree of Taxiphyllum taxirameum was the second， and the heavy metal enrichment ability of Anomodon minor and Hypnum plumaeforme was low. The results of the study finally showed that Eurhynchium pulchellum （Hedw.） Jenn. and Taxiphyllum taxirameum， were suitable for monitoring heavy metals in atmosphere of Xichang.