The big data technology basic course embodies the characteristics of multi-disciplinary integration, multi industry coverage and strong practicality. It is an interdisciplinary, practical and cutting-edge core course of data science and big data. In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing teaching contents and teaching methods, this paper analyzes the characteristics and teaching objectives of the big data technology basic course, and discusses the typical problems existing in the traditional teaching methods. In view of the interdisciplinary nature of the big data technology basic course, based on the training goals of engineering talents under the guidance of "emerging engineering education", this paper puts forward the construction and optimization methods of the teaching resource database, classifies the contents of the teaching resource database, and hierarchizes the contents of the knowledge points of the teaching consulting database; it gives specific and optimized teaching methods around online and offline teaching, project cases, layered teaching, innovation ability, curriculum political education and other elements; the process evaluation is carried out in the three teaching stages of before, during and after class, and the mixed multiple evaluation indicators are constructed in full combination with the real situation of students. The optimized teaching contents and methods improve students' ability to solve complex engineering problems in the field of big data. Teaching practice shows that the above optimized method has improved the teaching effect.