In order to study and analyze the characteristics of lightning activity in the high risk area of forest fire in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Liangshan Prefecture) in Sichuan province, the lightning activity data from 2018 year to 2020 year were collected by Sichuan three-dimensional lightning monitoring and location system, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning activities in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County (hereinafter referred to as Muli County) and Yanyuan County in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan province were analyzed by Arcgis software and mathematical statistics. This paper summarizes the key protection seasons and areas of forest lightning fire in Liangshan Prefecture, so as to provide scientific basis and technical support for further study of lightning risk zoning and lightning fire prevention in the high-risk area of forest fire in Liangshan Prefecture.