Large integer operations have been widely used in the fields of information security, mathematical verification, genetic engineering, etc. It has become a hot topic for scholars to design effective schemes to improve the efficiency of operations. Large integer multiplication is the core operation in large integer operations. In this paper, I analyzed and summarized the approaches to improve the efficiency of large integer multiplication, and employed the algorithm of MATLAB matrix operation in combination with the lattice multiplication to achieve the design and implementation of large integer multiplication. Experiments show that the large integer multiplication can effectively improve the efficiency of large integer operations through MATLAB matrix operation.