[Objective] This paper aims to study the effects of tartary buckwheat diet on intestinal flora in spontaneously hypertensive rats. [Methods] Ten spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the tartary buckwheat diet group. Control SHR (SHR-C) normal diet, Tartary Buckwheat diet group SHR (SHR-TBW) full buckwheat diet. The stool samples of SHR were collected aseptically at the 3rd, 6th and 12th weeks, and the 16S rDNA V3-V4 region was amplified. Then, they were compared and classified after the Hiseq high throughput sequencing. [Results] There were significant differences in the structure and composition of intestinal flora between SHR-C and SHR-TBW rats. The Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes (F/B) value increased from 0.22 to 1.89, the unknown and non-classified flora increased from 16.52% to 50.65% , and Allobaculum, Vibrio butyricum, Trichomonas and Proteus were the dominant flora in the SHR-TBW diet. [Conclusion] Tartary buckwheat diet can reconstruct intestinal flora of hypertension, and dietary intervention can effectively improve blood pressure.