The fine varieties of Dioscorea opposita "Gui-Huai" were selected for drought resistance research. The strength of different drought stress response and regulation were investigated by different levels of drought stress and retum water testing. Results showed that the photosynthetic pigment contents first decreased, then increased and last decreased under drought stress, which made the photosynthesis reaction normally. The SOD and Malondialdehyde of dioscorea opposita leaves made the activity of protective enzyme increase and synergies, which made the reactive oxygen reduce to damage the cells. After drought stress for a certain period of water, plant physiology and biochemistry index returned to control levels, which had a compensation effect on growth of dioscorea opposita