Huili County of Sichuan Province is a well-known ancient city in Sichuan-Yunnan region，is the key post of the ancient Silk Road in the south. The city's residential areas，not only have a long history，but are well-preserved and of high value for academic research. Based on the analysis and study of the ancient style and characteristics，this paper put forward the thought of Huili ancient city’s protection and construction for“the study of the ancient buildings of Silk Road in the south”. In the course of development，pay attention to combine with their advantages；under the premise of protecting residential areas，promote diversification and walk out a new harmonious road with cultural heritage and modern city.