The effects of water-cultivation and dry-cultivation on the yield of Upland rice were studied. The result indicated that，under water-cultivation，the growing period of Upland rice became shorter，but the grain filling time of Upland rice was prolonged from 1 to 8 days under dry-cultivation. The plant height，highest seedling， effective panicle，grain number per spike and yield of water-cultivation were obviously higher than those of dry-cultivation. The effective spike rate of tiller，seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were different slightly high or low with different varieties. Therefore，under dry-cultivation，only increasing the seeding rate and transplanting density of Upland rice can achieve high yield. Upland rice of 502，297 and 277 were suitable for the areas deficient of water.