With the rapid development of new quality productive forces， higher education faces new requirements. As a crucial part of improving the quality of talent cultivation， the construction of first-class courses in universities must be closely integrated with the needs of new quality productive forces. Given the significant differences between new quality productive forces and traditional ones， an in-depth analysis of their characteristics is particularly important. At present， the construction of first-class courses in universities faces many challenges and requires innovation and improvement in course objectives， content， teaching methods， teacher staff， and evaluation systems. For the construction of first-class courses in urban and rural planning program at Anhui Jianzhu University， it is recommended to build a diversified and personalized course objective system in the context of developing new quality productive forces to cultivate students'' innovative spirit and practical abilities. Universities， governments， and society should strengthen cooperation to jointly promote the construction of first-class courses in universities and cultivate more high-quality talents who can meet the needs of the new era.