7种化学杀菌剂和拮抗菌代谢物对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制活性及增效组合筛选
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安徽科技学院农学院,安徽 凤阳 233100

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安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2308085MC90);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2020A0067);作物抗逆育种与减灾国家地方联合工程实验室开放基金(NELCOF20190102);安徽省大学生创新训练项目(S202310879178)。


Inhibitory activities of 7 chemical fungicides and antagonistic metabolites against Alternaira alternata(Fr.) Keissl and determination of synergistic combinations
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Colleg of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China

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    目的 为苹果斑点落叶病的防控提供新颖的杀菌剂及其增效组合。方法 采用菌丝生长速率法测定了7种化学杀菌剂、拮抗菌发酵代谢物及其复配剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制活性。结果 7种化学杀菌剂均对病菌有较强的抑制活性,其中戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑和丙环唑3种药剂对病菌抑制效果最佳,EC50分别达0.21、0.30和0.81 μg/mL,其次为吡唑醚菌酯、代森锰锌和嘧菌酯。多菌灵的抑菌效果最差,EC50为15.03 μg/mL。生防菌发酵上清液和发酵上清粗提物对病菌的EC50分别为2.38 μL/mL和0.53 μL/mL。发酵上清液粗提物和代森锰锌、吡唑醚菌酯的复配均表现为增效作用,其中体积比6∶4和7∶3达最大毒性比,分别为1.39和1.41。结论 戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑和丙环唑对苹果斑点落叶病菌的毒力最大。解淀粉芽孢杆菌SJ1606所产粗提物对化学杀菌剂代森锰锌和吡唑醚菌酯具有增效作用,为后续农药新制剂研发提供了参考数据。

    Abstract:

    Objective This study aims to provide a novel synergistic combination for the control of apple alternaria blotch.Method The inhibitory activities of 7 chemical fungicides, fermentation metabolites of antagonistic strain SJ1606 and their combinations against Alternaira alternata were determined by mycelium growth rate method.Result The 7 chemical fungicides had strong inhibitory activity against the pathogen. Among them, tebuconazole, difenoconazole and propiconazole had the best inhibitory effect on the pathogen, with EC50 values of 0.21, 0.30 and 0.81 μg/mL, respectively, followed by pyraclostrobin, mancozeb and azoxystrobin. Carbendazim had the poorest antifungal effect, with EC50 of 15.03 μg/ mL. The EC50 of the fermentation supernatant and the crude extracts of the fermentation supernatant were 2.38 μL/mL and 0.53 μL/mL, respectively. The combinations of the crude extracts and mancozeb, pyraclostrobin showed synergistic effects, and the volume ratios of 6:4 and 7:3 reached the maximum toxicity ratios, which were 1.39 and 1.41, respectively.Conclusion This study can provide basic data support for the update of control measures of apple alternaria blotch and reduction of chemical fungicides.

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孟祥涛,李梦洁,段海明,王猛,陆文杰,张智成.7种化学杀菌剂和拮抗菌代谢物对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制活性及增效组合筛选[J].西昌学院学报(自然科学版),2024,38(1):14-20.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-13
  • 最后修改日期:2024-01-03
  • 录用日期:2024-03-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-05-22