With the meteorological data and air quality data from 2012 to 2014 in Xichang, we adopt statistical methods to analyze the climatic background, the surface wind field and upper wind field characteristics, the pollution coefficient, the atmospheric stability, the combined frequency of wind direction, speed and stability in Xichang. The results show that the annual atmospheric stability remains neutral mostly, which does not affect the vertical movement of air mass, and has no obvious influence on the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants. The pollution coefficient in Xichang is the highest in the northerly winds (mainly N and NNW), second in the southerly winds (mainly SSW), and lowest in the westerly and easterly winds during the year. So the air quality in Xichang alters between good and poor. The frequency of surface static wind remains high throughout the winter, reaching 82% to 85.4%, and the dominant surface wind direction is mostly southerly and northerly. The maximum wind speeds at all heights occurs in the SSW direction, and the wind speed at each height increases with increasing height. Surface static wind is the major factor contributing to the pollution in Xichang. The greater the surface static wind frequency, the greater the pollution rate, and the worse the air quality. Because of the location of the pollution source, the dominant southerly surface wind is also an important cause for pollution. The results of our study can be recommended to relevant government departments.