College students’online autonomous leaming ability is an important standand to measure the comprehensive abil-ity and quality of college students in the new era.Therefore , the factors influencing the culivation of online autonomouslearning ability of college students are studied.Through theoretical deduction and practical investigation , this paper puts for-ward a model of influencing factors for the cultivation of college students’online autonomous learning ability from four di-mensions; leamers , educators , online courses and learning environment.SPSS and AMOS are used to make statistics and a-nalysis of the collected data.The results show that the weight order of factos influencing the culivation of online autono-mous learning ability of ollege students is ; leamers > educators > online couses > learning environment , but the differ-ences between them are small , and the learning emvironment also has certain influence and restriction on learners , educatorsand online couses.The results of data analysis provide a way of thinking and dlirection for scientifically cultivating the on-line autonomous learning ability of college students.