To help achieve rational allocation of government subsidy resources and arouse corporate enthusiasm for social responsibility, we sample Shanghai-Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2016 and make empirical analyses of the relationship between corporate rent-seeking, government subsidies and social responsibility based on rent-seeking theory, and through econometric analysis. The results show that: corporate rent-seeking behavior can enhance and consolidate its relationship with the government, thus help to secure government subsidies; corporate rent-seeking behavior promotes the social performance of government subsidies, i. e., securement of government subsidies through rent-seeking activities is more conducive to corporate assumption of more social responsibility. Finally, we propose that corporations should attach importance to internal "cultivation" and enhance the utilization efficiency of government subsidies, and government should improve its supervision.