RNA was extracted from bamboo shoots tender leaves, and underwent reverse transcription RT-PCR. A segment of chlorophyll a-b binding protein LhcaPe03 gene was first cloned, and then an 1149bp cDNA was obtained through RACE, which was named LhcaPe03. RNA's in earth-covered bamboo shoots, leaves and stalks were extracted for backups. Primers were designed according to determined sequence of LhcaPe03 gene, and the expressions of LhcaPe03 gene in different tissues of Phyllostachys pubescens was determined by real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR. The results showed that the expression of LhcaPe03 gene in different tissues was significantly different, with expression of LhcaPe03 gene in shoot tip and new leaf being higher than that in old leaf, stem and stalk, and with almost no expression in shoot. These indicated that new leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens had stronger photosynthetic ability than old leaves did. The green shoot tip and stalk had photosynthetic ability, with shoot tip's photosynthetic ability being stronger; the earth-covered shoots almost did not participate in photosynthesis.