[Purpose]Exercise prescription course is a newly-emerging application-oriented course in the sports discipline. This paper analyses the characteristics of each link in teaching the course and proposes my idea and an optimization plan for the teaching reform to offer theoretical guidelines for improving the teaching results. [Methods] Analysis on the factors influencing the teaching of sports prescription course under the knowledge potential difference model. [Results] There is a positive correlation between knowledge transmission efficiency, teaching result and knowledge potential difference among subjects in the course. In the course of teaching, because of uncertain information, imperfect assessment and inaccurate transmission of teaching information, the loss of knowledge transmission may result, thus reducing the effective teaching energy and the efficiency of knowledge transmission. The fashioning of teaching environment may affect the dissemination of knowledge. [Conclusion]The knowledge potential difference between teachers and students, the type of communication media and the knowledge impediment incurred by knowledge dissemination may affect the teaching result of sports prescription course, which can be improved to produce better teaching result of this course.