The variability of the boreal autumn rainfall over the southern Sichuan and its associated atmospheric circulation during the period 1961-2014 are investigated based on the station rainfall data from the Chinese Meteorological Data Center and atmospheric data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (NOAA-CIRES) 20th Century Reanalysis V2c dataset. The results show that rainfall over the boreal autumn rainfall over southern Sichuan is characterized by significantly interannual and interdecadal variability. On the interannual time scale, rainfall variability over the southern Sichuan has significant periodicities of 2-4-years and quasi-6-years, respectively, whereas on the interdecadal time scale, it has a significant periodicity of 9-15-years. Besides, the boreal autumn rainfall over the southern Sichuan has a significantly out-of-phase relationship with the simultaneous rainfall variability over the Yellow River-Huaihe River region. Further analysis shows that the dominant atmospheric circulation pattern associated with the boreal autumn rainfall variability is the North Atlantic-western Russia-western Mongolia-East Asia (NRMA) wave train, which can result in a significantly anomalous cyclone over East Asia. Moreover, there is an anomalous anticyclone over the western Indochina Peninsula. This distribution of atmospheric pattern is favorable for convergence of the warm and moisture southwesterly anomalies from Bay of Bengal and the cold and dry northeasterly anomalies from North China, and thus inducing more rainfall over the southern Sichuan.