In order to define the influnce and significance of varieties and cultivation modes on potato yield, the authors introduce the optimal balanced incomplete blocks design(optimal BIBD). We realized the BIBD of a potato experiment of high yield cultivation techniques using SAS and obtained the test data, which were analyzed using variance analysis. The results showed that varieties and cultivation modes had significant effects on potato yield, the interaction between varieties and cultivation mode had no significant effect on potato yield. Suitable variety and cultivation mode under the soil and weather condition were also gained as well. This study in this paper can be adopted in high yield cultivation techniques of the other crops except potato of test design and data analysis.