With the rapid development of national economy, pipeline has become an important approach to transport oil and gas. In recent years, our country paid great attention to develop the construction of long distance pipeline. It is not enough to know the geological structure by drilling work in the HDD engineering（shield tunneling, pipe jacking, HDD, etc.）. More geophysical exploration should be done about the faults, the special rock etc. This article is about the current engineering geophysical prospecting method in pipeline construction, especially the shallow seismic reflection method, the resistivity method and geological radar. But due to the limitations of geophysical exploration, the actual construction process should be a variety of geophysical methods, the combination of geophysical exploration combined with shallow drilling, in order to interpret the geological conditions accurately, to lay a good foundation of the piping construction and the safe operation in future.