Human increase the level of the settlement with the development of economy and society,they pay more attention to it. After the earthquake in Sichuan,people come about their living environment,in view of this,this thesis uses a method called PCA,chooses some factors of human settlement and constructs an efficient assessment system,doing an analysis on this data about 18 cities in Sichuan（not including the three autonomous prefectures）. There is an overall score and rank,and then this paper also analyzes the human settlement in Sichuan and brings up some propose.