Ecological emironment is the basic condition for human existence and the development and fundamentals for social economic development. Liangshan Prefecture lies in the upper reach of Changjiang River and its territory is wholly within the Changjiang River system. Protecting and building agricultural ecological erwironment to realize sustainable sdevelopment is not only the objecive needs of Liangshan Prefecture's social and economic development but also highly significant for the ecological environment protection and social economic development of the Three Gorges Dam and the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River. This paper mainly probes into the problems in agricultural ecological erwiroment and puts forward the corresponding constructive countermeasures.