Liangshan Prefecture is a major growing area of round-grained rice, with a growing area of 500,000 mu annually, distributing over an altitude of 1,500-2,200 meters. Hilly terrain with an altitude of 1,700-1,900 m provides a nice natural and social environment for round-grained rice's organic cultivation. Developing organic round-grained rice's cultivation and expanding export of round-grained rice in Liangshan has a significant role in increasing the local farmers" income and maintaining local farm lands' ecological balance. On the other hand, introduction of new varieties, their selection and research on corresponding cultivation methods are the key issues in developing round-grained rice cultivation.